Crater Lake Special Events Log

The Smith Brothers' Chronological History of Crater Lake National Park

1950

January 1950
Record snow fall for one month, 313 inches. 73 inches fell in one 48 hour period.

July 2,1950
Rescue of boy below Sinnott Memorial Overlook.

August 10, 1950
Bruce Brandell reports beavere workings on Copeland Creek. Five inch diameter fir all but gnawed down. Trees in the vicinity are stripped of bark, but no dams or houses found. Probably Mountain Beaver.

Summer 1950
Seasonal Naturalists Donald and Dorothy Farmer band 160 Clark's Nutcrackers.

White pie plate displayed below Sinnott Overlook in 128 feet of water to demonstrate how far one can see below the surface of the Lake.

The movie, Canyon Passage, filmed partially in Jacksonville, has included in it a scene showing Indians riding up out of the Caldera and attacking a wagon train on the Rim Drive. The movie stars Ward Bond, Loretta Young, Brian Dunlevy and Dan Daily.

Ruth Hopson Keen, 4138 S.W. Fourth Ave., Portland, OR 97201, (222-1430) becomes the first lady Ranger Naturalist. Ruth worked the month of June, then taught at the Park under Dr. Rule. She gave her programs in the Lodge and lived for two summers with the Leavitts.

October 15, 1950
Superintendent Leavitt reports that due to labor unrest and quarrels, Lodge manager Price has fired his son-in-law who headed up the Company's improvement program, along with a number of other employees.

October 16, 1950
Recovery of a Clark's Nutcracker at the head waters of the Lewis River on Mt. Adams, Washington. The bird had been banded by Dorothy Farmer at Rim Village, September 1, 1950.

Season 1950 Visitation: 328,041 - a new record.

1951

1951
Sometime during the early 1950's future Supreme Court Judge, Sandra Day O'Connor visits Crater Lake during the winter. Photos are taken of her playing in the snow with her college roomate.

1951
Quilwart Pond named by Park Naturalist George Ruhle. He weighed the possibility of using the name I Saetes, the scientific name of Quilwart, but what with its Greek orinin, settled on the simple name of "Quilwart". The small lake was formerly known as "Lost Pond" to the handful of people who had visited the pond in previous years. Apparently fingerling fish had been planted in the pond in the early 1930's but large numbers of Pellicans soon consumed them.

June 1951
A female bear spotted with four cubs.

June 6, 1951
Superintendent reports that 2,540 acres are soon to be added to the Oregon Caves National Monument in order to perserve hundreds of magnificent Ancient Port Orford Cedars. Opposition by loggers defeated the plan and the area was soon clear cut. The Monument is now a 500 acre island of Old Growth Forest.

July 6, 1951
Over $1,000 taken from three vehicles. The suspects are apprehended in Hot Springs, New Mexico.

August 19, 1951
The Lake level is now 11.1 feet above the October 1, 1942 lake level.

Summer 1951
The Farmers band 36 Clark's Nutcrackers.

$30,000 is spent in adding rooms to the Sleepy Hollow Cabins. Eight are rebuilt and winterized, and four are remodled. Jim Kilburn, Park Electrician, completely re wires all of the houses.

July 17, 1951
The South and West entrance stations are combined at Annie Springs.

August 1951
Large concentrations of California Tortoise Shell butterflies are seen fluttering past Mt. Scott. The first detailed study of Sphagnum Bog are begun.

August 5, 1951
The Park ranger staff manage to head off a proposed parachute jump into the Lake.

September 27, 1951
Regional Architect, Charles Lundgren notes in his Lodge report that the building is sagging. Dry rot is weakening support beams. The Chinese quarters above the kitchen are in poor condition. The garbage cans near the kitchen should be fenced and screened.

October 15, 1951
Lodge Manager Price is not allowed to return to work becasue of ill health.

Season 1951 Visitation: 306,668

1952

1952
Dick Brown of San Diego, California begins his long career at Crater Lake. Dick holds the record for holding the most seasonal and permanent positions in the Park. (1952-1957) Seasonal Naturalist, (1957-1960) Assistant Chief of Interpretation, (1960-1963) Interp Chief at Muir Woods, (March 1963- 1966) Chief of Interp at C.L., (1966-1970) Chief of Park Research, (from 1970 & until retirement) Chief of Research at Point Reyes.

March 15, 1952
Ernest P. Levitt, Park Superintendent since 1937 retires to Central Point, Oregon. At the time of his retirement, Mr. Leavitt had served the longest of any employee within the National Park Service; 46 years. In a lettere dated August 11, 1978 Mrs. Kathrine Leavitt writes, "I have lots of interesting memories - some about the bears. They were in our home twice - resulting in the death of the second one. Also one wrecked the upolstery in Mr. Leavitt's car the day before he was to meet the director. Mr. Leavitt formed a children's bottle brigade to pick up bottles and debris in the Park after gasoline rationing was over and visitors came in droves scattering bottles along the roadsidess and leaving Kleenex blossoms on the schrubbery."

March 20, 1952
Record snow depth of 218 inches on ground at headquarters. The averate seasonal maximum snow depth at Headquarters usually is 155 inches.

April 1, 1952
John B. Wosky enters duty as Superintendent. Wosky had been appointed to the position on March 3.

April 27, 1952
Dr. and Mrs. Arnold Toynbee visit the Park.

May 31, 1952
Two cars colide, 0.7 miles above Headquarters. Six people are injured, with two ambulances being called out of Klamath Falls. A coyote is killed by a car on the South Road.

July 1952
Heavy rains and rock slides wash out completely the lower sections of the Lake Trail, three days before opening date. So much permanent reconstruction was required on the the Trail that it remained closed the entire summer.

July 19, 1952
Albert Marston Jones, 56 of Concord, Calif. and Charles Patrick Culhane, 52, of Detroit, Mich., are found murdered on the South Road, 3.5 miles north of the south boundary. Both men were executives with United Motors Service, a subsidiary of General Motors. The case has never been solved. The two men, taking a shortcut through the Park, had driven on ahead of their wives, agreeing to meet at a summer cabin at Union Creek. The men's wives found the car the men had been driving, a green 1951 Pontiac, parked along a turnout overlooking Annie Creek Canyon. The doors to the car were standing open. When the missing husbands could not be found, the rangers were alerted. The two bodies were found a short time later, about a quarter of a mile off the road, in an open stand of Ponderosa Pine. Both men were found with their hands bound with rope, their shoes removed and powder burns to their heads, indicating an execution style of murder. The two men had been gagged but not tied up. Their stockings were clean which indicated they had not walked after removing their shoes. While Jones's shoes were lying nearby, Culhane's shoes were never found. In the excitement of the discovery, dozens of people trampled the murder site, destroying much of the evidence. Since the entrance rangers during these years recorded every license number of every car entering the park, the FBI began a massive investigation, taking years to trace each tag number. Some people were even tracked to Europe. Several local suspects were identified, but lacking hard evidence, no arrests were ever made.

Virginia Jones Cota, A.M. Jones' daughter, always felt that the killing of the two men was actually a murder, made to look like a robbery. Even thought over $300 was taken from their wallets and their watches taken, the men's luggage was left in the car. In a letter to his daughter one month before he was murdered, Jones wrote, "Things are worse than they have ever been." In a letter dated, Sept. 29, 1990 to the Mail Tribune, but never mailed, Ms. Cota writes, "I know who was responsible for my father's murder. I don't know the murder's name, but I know the organization that arranged for my father's death. I just don't believe the story that it was a simple robbery. I have a feeling there was so much more to this, that the people who killed them knew them."

August 1952
Flocks of California Tortoise Shell butterflies are seen migrating through the Park.

August 11, 1952
The 7th arrowhead ever found in Crater Lake is found by a Park visitor near Discovery Point.

August 19, 1952
An insepection report notes that the dining room ceiling in the Lodge is seriously deteriorated. The Lodge's septic tank is reported to be inadequate and effluent discharges in seepage trenches allow effluent to run in considerable volume down the mountain to Munson Valley. Sewage disposal at the Lodge is totally inadequate and its correction calls for emergency action before reopening next season.

Summer 1952
The Crater Lake (Mazama) Newt is extensively studied. Hundreds has been observed massing under debris. Since the newt is not found anywhere else in the world and since they were not in the Lake prior it its formation, this has become one of the most clearly dated cases of subspeciation available anyplace in the world.

42 Clark's Nutcrackers banded by the Farmers.

The Lake level is now 6 feet below the 1873 level. The government boat house, constructed in 1942, 18 inches above lake level, is now so nearly submerged, the the gunwales of a row boat will just slip under it's eaves.

September 1952
The south Entrance Kiosk sustains $300 in damages after being struck by a car.

September 26, 1952
New Mt. Scott Lookout completed at a cost of $12,682, replacing the old 1924 building.

Season 1952 Visitation: 323,410

1953

1953
Harry and "Pop" Smith purchase the Crater Lake Lodge Company. The Harner Report recommends that the Lodge should be rehabillitated rather than being replaced. With proper care and the spending of $72,000, the Haner Report estimated the useful life of the Lodge could be extended another 20 years.

June 17, 1953
Roger Tory Peterson, famed bird author, visits the Park.

June 12, 1953
Edmond Clark of Cave Junction, Oregon, falls to his death in Castle Creek Canyon while trying to take a photograph.

August 6, 1953
The Mather Memorial Plaque is permanently installed on the Rim Wall between Sinnott and the Lodge. The NPS apologizes for its oversight in not installing the plaque 30 years earlier as promised.

October 3, 1953
Roof of Rim Community Building catches fire - $100 worth of damage.

September 6, 1953
Rescue of injured person below Rim Village.

November 1, 1953
New superintendent, Fred Johnson, transfers in from Lassen. Former Superintendent Wosky transfers out to Hawaii Volcanoes National Park.

Season 1953
Forty one bears counted in the Park, 22 adults and 19 cubs.

Season 1953 Visitation: 332,835

1954

1954
Medford lawyer, Frank J. Van Dyke, appointed as Park Commissioner, a position that he holds for nearly 30 years.

Teen-age girl falls to her death while hiking along the Rim between the Sinnott Overlook and the Lodge. Her sister works at McLoughlin Junior High School in Medford.

July 19, 1954
Fatal heart attack.

August 7, 1954
Dr. Earl Bush, Carver of the "Lady of the Woods", visits the Park for the first time since 1917. Dr. Bush is surprised at how the "lady" had deteriorated and eroded so much in 37 years. (See 1917)

Mid 1950"s
A woman is killed when the car her husband is driving strikes a tree on the West Road. She is declared dead by her doctor husband. (Oral story to the author by Ranger Stein.)

August 29, 1954
Thomas J. Williams enters on duty as Park Superintendent.

Summer 1954
Two acre forest fire suppressed in the norteast corner of the Park.

Fall 1954
The NPS designs a new museum building to be located downslope from the Community House. The new building ins to be connected to the Sinnott Memorial by an underground walkway. The new walkway would allow a glassed-in Sinnott for all-year use. Construction planned for 1957, but the money was never appropriated. A new visitor center is designed with a two story winter viewing tower on the north end to replace the Kiser Studio. Never built.

Season 1954 Visitation: 370,554 - A new record.

1955

1955
Present Annie Spring Bridge is completed. Park traffic had been routed above the spring on a narrow winging road for 14 years. (See April, 1942.)

Also constructed was a new machine shop, the 1st new building in the Park since the CCC days.

Spring 1955
Dozer operator, while clearing snow in the cafeteria area, drives his cat through the roof of a cold water cabin.

September 1955
Bear killed because it has lockjaw.

September 1, 1955
Glenn Happell begins working on the maintenance crew for the Crater Lake Lodge Company. Years later, Glenn is promoted to President of the company. For thirty years, Mr. Happell drove daily from his homes in Central Point and Ashland, mostly during the winter.

September 4-10, 1955
27 fires in nine days, burning 31 acres. Most of the fires were caused by lightning. This is the firs time a bulldozer is used in the Park to fight forest fires.

Season 1955 Visitation: 343,839

1956

May 11, 1956
A ten year development plan is presented to the NPS by the Smiths. The concessioners have found that their volume has increased since taking over, with profits and use of the Lodge showing gains each summer.

Summer 1956
Present Goodbye Creek Bridge is completed. Traffic had been routed above the creek on a small wooden bridge. (See April, 1942.) Construction begins on Mazama Campground (Loops A, B, C, and D.) A major addition of a dining room and a winter warming area is added to the Rim Cafeteria. The bridge is rebuilt during the early 1980's.

Summer 1956
Photographer falls to his death while attempting to photograph the Phantom Ship at Sun Notch.

Mission: 66 instituted. Mission: 66 is a national, ten year program to update National Park facillities. Crater Lake would never be the same again. Roads were rebuilt, permanent housing added and new life was added to the older historic buildings.

July 1956
90 degree temperature measured at Headquarters. One of the hottest days on record.

June 1956
The old two-bedroom log cabin, located near Highway 62 in the old Annie Spring Campground, was burned to the ground. The logs were so punky, a screwdriver could be shoved through the logs.

August 25-26, 1956
The first authorized use of scuba gear on the Lake and at Wizard Island.

December 27, 1956
Seasonal Ranger, Joe Meeker, marries Marlene Randall, daughter of the A. Sup., in the lobby of the Headquarters building. When the Episcopal priest asked how long the ceremony would last meeker replied, "Depends on how hot the fire is in the fireplace." Joe became a nationally published author of essays concerning the philosophy of preserving and enjoying nature.

Season Visitation: 359,840

1957

January 1957
Jeff Adams, Maintenance Superintendent, begins his 23 year career with Crater Lake.

August 27, 1957
Paul Herron, Crater Lake boat operator for 26 years, returns to the Park following his heart attack. Paul continues to assist the company as a part-time machinist until 1980. Paul was especially proud of his record of no boating accidents during his years in charge.

Summer 1957
Due to the relocation of Highway 97, the use of the East Entrance has fallen to less than 4% of the total visitation to the Park. Officials feel that this reduction in entry use warrants the closing of one of the Park's original entrance routes.

The Rim Village parknig lot is enlarged.

Summer 1957
Evening ranger programs are begun in the Great Hall of the Lodge. The programs continue for 20 years until they are removed to the old Rim Center (Community Building). Eventually, during the 1980's the programs are discontinued altogether.The Lodge is sleeping 300 people each night, including 90 employees.

Season Visitation: 330,499

1958

June 19, 1958
Ranger's uniform torn by a bear while attempting to chase it way from the Rim Parking lot.

July 6, 1958
Hans W. Thielsen, great grandson of Hans Thielsen for whom the mountain was named, visits the Park.

July 24, 1958
Oregon Congressman Charles Porter introduces a bill in Congress that will enlarge the Oregon Caves National Monument to 2,910 acres, up from the present size of 480 acres. Opposition by the Forest Service and logging interests defeated the proposed addition. The area in now a large clear-cut.

August 1958
Richard M. Brown, John Wirty and Warren Fairbanks take core samples from the "Old man of the Lake" and determine the the old floating log was 273 years old ehen it slid upright into the Lake.

August 6, 1958
Rescur of a boy 350 feet above the Lake.

August 12, 1958
Boletus frustosus is collected by Jim Trappe, research forester, on the summit of Union Peak. This is the highest elevation that the plant has been reported for their range.

August 25, 1958
New service station and employee dorm (located at the edge of Steel Circle) opens for business.

August 1958
The Old Standard Oil Log Service Station, across the road from Park Headquarters and the new station, is torn down.

Summer 1958
Park visitor's small trout is grabbed by a Bald Eagle as the fisherman tries to beach the fish. The eagle swallows both the fish and the hook. The Park Ranger, on duty on the boats, catches the eagle and removes the hook.

Construction begins on the new Cleetwood Lake Trail. The new location was selected because of its lower elevation, and southern exposure allowing an earlier opening of the trail each year by several weeks. The old Lake Trail had a northern exposure, was 50% longer and was subject to increasing erosion and land slides.

Summer 1958
Steel Circle housing area constructed. Buildings #17 and #227 are built.

September 1958
A new Annie Springs entrance station is built, including a seperate office building and comfort station. (A very dated design.)

October 4, 1958
A new weighing type of recording rain guage is installed at Park Headquarters. The guage had to be modified to meet the specific weather conditions existing and Crater Lake.

October 30, 1958
Maximum Lake level reached at 6179.6 feet above sea level. Second highest recorded level. Normally the Lake averages elevations 10 feet lower, at 6170 feet.

October 1958
Proposed that a rock shed be built on Dutton Cliff.

Late 1950's
U.S. Represenative from Oregon, Charles Porter of Eugene visits Crater Lake and proposes that the Government build a cable car from Rim Village to the boat landing. When public out cry points out the visual damage that a tram tower would cause, Porter proposes an elevator. The man soon loses his seat and retires.

Season Visitation: 333,853

1959

1959
Ralph Peyton and Jim Griffin acquire the Crater Lake Lodge Company from the Smiths. Negotiations begin with the new concessionaires for the NPS to buy the Lodge for $285,000 and convert the building into a visitor center. The new concessionaires are to take the purchase price and construct a new motel accomodating 250 people adjacent to the cafeteria building. A new access road is planned from the south that would diverge from the existing road below Rim Campground and allow visitors to avoid the congested plaza area as they made their way to the new visitor center.

May 31 1959
Lloyd Smith begins work as a seasonal maintenance laborer and construction worker. Lloyd transfers to the ranger division, and law enforcement in 1964. smith eventually works 22 summers for the Park.

Summer 1959
Both the North Junction stone Entrance Station and stone ranger cabin are torn down. The cabin was located on the Rim, at the junction of Rim Drive and the North Road. The entrance station was located at the road "y".

Annie Spring in encased with stone to obtain save drinking water for Mazama Campground.

The "Fisher", a former tuna bait boat, is lowered over the Crater wall. The excursion boat is named for Don Fisher, the first superintendent of Lava Beds National Monument.

R.E. Williams and party, using sonar, map the Lake's bottom. The depth of the Lake is officially changed from 1996 to 1932 feet. The 64 foot difference between the new reading and the 1886 reading is attributed to the Lake's thermoclines (temperature caused currents), causing a large bow in the original sounding wire when stretched out over 2,000 feet.

Summers 1959-1960
Felicia Wirts, Ph.D, becomes the second lady ranger at Crater Lake. Felicia's husband John, Ph.D., worked at the Park during the summers of 1955 and 1957.

Fall 1959
Old Lake trail in front of the cafeteria is closed and abandoned.

October 4, 1959
Otto M. Brown enters on duty as Superintendent.

October 4, 1959
Rescue of young lady off of Hillman Peak.

October 13, 1959
Rescue of young boy near Old Lake Trail.

December 10, 1959
The latest date on record of measurable snow beginning to fall.

Season 1959 Visitation: 340,989

(Next stop 1960's)

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